The "two-infinite" array
A new array for the OEIS?
0 +1 +3 +7 +11 +5 +14 ...
-1 +2 -4 +4 -6 +9 ...
-3 +6 -8 -10 -15 ...
-9 -14 -2 -25 ...
-5 -12 -23 ...
-7 -35 ...
-28 ...
...
The idea is to insert in an infinite “triangular”
array, all integers from -∞ to +∞, with no duplicates.
[This is now A330656 in the OEIS, thanks to Carole Dubois]
We start, as usual, in the upper left
corner with 0. The array now is filled with those two rules:
Rule 1) we
always try to extend the upper row with the smallest positive integer a(n) not
present so far in A (A is the array), integer that doesn’t lead to a
contradiction immediately, or later in the rows below it;
Rule 2) a(n)
and a(n-1), the term at the left of a(n), produce another integer in the row
below them; this term is the difference (smallest term – biggest term). If
this leads to a contradiction (immediately or later in the antidiagonal), we
try (biggest term – smallest term). If both operations lead to a
contradiction, we try a(n)+1 instead of a(n) and repeat the whole process,
filling A by antidiagonals.
Example:
After 0, we write 1 because this 1 doesn’t
lead to a contradiction: we will have -1 below the pair (as 0 – 1 = -1):
0 +1 +3 +7 +11 +5 +14 ...
-1 +2 -4 +4 -6 +9 ...
-3 +6 -8 -10 -15 ...
-9 -14 -2 -25 ...
-5 -12 -23 ...
-7 -35 ...
-28 ...
...
We have now a(1) = 0 and a(2) = 1; what
could a(3) be?
The smallest unused positive integer in
A is a(3) = 2; let’s try:
0 +1 +2 ...
-1 a ...
The second rule says “try first (small –
big)” which produces 1 – 2 = -1, a term already in A; we thus try to subtract the
other way: 2 – 1 = 1, a term already in A too. So, a(3) = 2 doesn’t work. We
try a(3) = 3 and follow the 2nd rule to compute their difference:
0 +1 +3 ...
-1 -2 ...
b
But we have a problem with b now; either
[(-1) – (-2)] or [(-2) – (-1)] will produce a term already in A (respectively
+1 and -1).
We then climb the antidiagonal back,
erase -2 and replace it with the result of (3 – 1), instead of (1 – 3):
0 +1 +3 ...
-1 +2 ...
b
If we do now [(-1) – (2)] we get -3,
which is ok:
0 +1 +3 ...
-1 +2 ...
-3 ...
We try to extend A with a(4) = 4, the
smallest unused positive integer in A; a contradiction arises immediately when
we try to compute c:
0 +1 +3 +4 ...
-1 +2 c
-3 ...
...
Both ways to subtract produce either -1
or +1 which are in A; what about a(4) = 5?
0 +1 +3 +5 ...
-1 +2 c
-3 ...
...
If we do 3 – 5, we get c = -2, which is
ok for now. But what about d and e?
0 +1 +3 +5 ...
-1 +2 -2 ...
-3 d ...
e ...
The second rule gives e = -4, which
seems ok. But e is a mess:
0 +1 +3 +5 ...
-1 +2 -2 ...
-3 -4
...
e ...
Both way to subtract “the parents” of e fail, giving
respectively -1 and +1, which are both in A. Climbing back the antidiagonal
leads us to try a(4) = 6 instead of a(4) = 5:
0 +1 +3 +6 ...
-1 +2 f
-3 ...
...
But as -3 and +3 are already in A, we must
try a(4) = 7:
0 +1 +3 +7 ...
-1 +2 g ...
-3 h ...
i ...
a(4) = 7 will produce the “lexico-first”
antidiagonal <+7, g, h, i> = <+7, -4, +6, -9> as g = -6 doesn’t
work:
0 +1 +3 +7 ...
-1 +2 -4 ...
-3 +6 ...
-9 ...
Etc.
My apologizes if the array A is wrong (I wouldn't be surprised) –
but you get the idea.
Best,
É.
____________________
May 3rd 2020 update
Indeed, there were mistakes in the above array – now corrected here and published in the OEIS thanks to Carole Dubois' program – the graphs are beautiful!
We also computed this nice array – where the upper row of the square is made of positive AND negative terms:
....0.....1....-2.....3....-4.....6....-9.....7....-11.....12...
...-1....-3.....5....-7....10...-15....16...-18.....23....-28...
....2....-8...-12...-17...-25...-31....34...-41.....51....-57...
..-10.....4....-5.....8....-6...-65....75...-92....108...-120...
..-14.....9...-13....14...-59..-140..-167..-200...-228....253...
..-23....22...-27...-73....81....27...-33....28...-481...-527...
..-45....49...-46..-154...-54....60...-61..-509.....46..-1085...
..-94....95..-108...100..-114...121..-448..-555..-1131....-52...
.-189...203..-208...214..-235..-569..-107..-576..-1079..-1640...
.-392..-411..-422...449..-334..-462...469..-503...-561...-460...
...
Merci Carole !
____________________
May 3rd 2020 update
Indeed, there were mistakes in the above array – now corrected here and published in the OEIS thanks to Carole Dubois' program – the graphs are beautiful!
We also computed this nice array – where the upper row of the square is made of positive AND negative terms:
....0.....1....-2.....3....-4.....6....-9.....7....-11.....12...
...-1....-3.....5....-7....10...-15....16...-18.....23....-28...
....2....-8...-12...-17...-25...-31....34...-41.....51....-57...
..-10.....4....-5.....8....-6...-65....75...-92....108...-120...
..-14.....9...-13....14...-59..-140..-167..-200...-228....253...
..-23....22...-27...-73....81....27...-33....28...-481...-527...
..-45....49...-46..-154...-54....60...-61..-509.....46..-1085...
..-94....95..-108...100..-114...121..-448..-555..-1131....-52...
.-189...203..-208...214..-235..-569..-107..-576..-1079..-1640...
.-392..-411..-422...449..-334..-462...469..-503...-561...-460...
...
Merci Carole !
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