Articles

Pascal's triangle with divisors

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  Received this today by snail mail – which gave me the idea below: I nside Pasca l ’ s triangle a term T is the sum of the two integers above it. We do that as well hereunder – but only if  T  is prime. If  T  is not prime we only keep the largest divisor of  T : Examples The 5th line is 1 — 2 — 3 — 2 — 1 (instead of Pascal ’ s 1 — 4 — 6 — 4 — 1) because 2 is the largest divisor of (1+3) and 3 is the largest divisor of (3+3). The middle term of the last line is 29 as 29 is the largest divisor of (29+29); next to 29 is 15 and 15 is indeed the largest divisor of the sum (16+29). Questions The yellow color marks the appearance of a new prime: will all primes be present, sooner or later, in the triangle (37, 41 and 43 are not present above – but 47 is)? More generally: will all the naturals appear in the triangle (10, 18, 20, 21, ... are not present yet)? If we write, from top, one line after the other (and if I left no errors) we get the hereunder sequence P (for Pascal): P =

Le tripalin remis à neuf

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Le Tripalin  se présente ici . Voici les solutions des palindromes du  troisième fichier   (les villes en double sont soulignées): # 32  CIPÂTE + BÊTA + PIC # 33  SÉTIF + LU + SULFITES # 34  TABARD + RACCARD + RABAT # 35  TARTINE + KÉNITRA + T # 36  GIZEH + PARAPHE + ZIG # 37  AGADIR + ID + AGA # 38  ZEUS + MALAYALAM + SUEZ # 39  OS + SAKI + SIKASSO # 40  NIAMEY + ABBAYE + MAIN # 41  RÉ + GLASS + ALGER # 42   RABAT + ÊTA + BAR # 43  RA + KA + DAKAR # 44  SI + NU + TUNIS # 45  COTONOU + ONO + TOC # 46  ARC + CASTELETS + ACCRA # 47  LOMÉ + BORORO + BÉMOL # 48  IBO + RIA + NAIROBI # 49  LAMBARENE + RAB + MAL # 50  PARAMO + GOMA + RAP # 51  RÉ + GLAS + ALGER La suite des tripalins   #52  à  #69  – ils s ’ écrivent tous en 9 lettres (les sommes bleues ci-dessous font 9) et devraient être à portée de tous désormais. Bonus lexical : la liste des solutions (dans une semaine) comportera au moins une fois toutes les lettres de l ’alphabet. #52 ↓ 5+2+2 #53 ↓ 5+2+2 #54 ↓ 4+3+2 #55 ↓ 4+3+2 #56 ↓ 4+

Ethnically cleansed digits

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  No even digit is present in a(n), no odd digit is present in [a(n) + a(n+1)]. Lexico-first… A = 1, 3, 5, 15, 7, 13, 9, 11, 17, 31, 33, 35, 51, 37, 171, 53, 151, 55, 153, 71, 131, 73, 133, 75, 173, 91, ... (I guess no integer > 9 ending in 9 will ever appear in A) Neither in a(n) nor in [a(n)+a(n+1)] there is an odd digit. Lexico-first… B = 0, 2, 4, 20, 6, 22, 24, 40, 8, 60, 26, 42, 44, 200, 28, 220, 46, 202, 62, 204, 64, 222, 66, 400, 48, 240, 206, 80, 208, ... Neither in a(n) nor in [a(n)*a(n+1)] there is an even digit. Lexico-first… C = 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 9, 13, 15, 37, 95, 33, 35, 17, 55, 57, 175, 113, 155, 73, 515, ... Neither in a(n) nor in [a(n)*a(n+1)] there is an odd digit. Lexico-first… D = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 26, 24, 20, 22, 40, 60, 44, 46, 48, 88, 28, 80, 86, 240, 200, 42, ... Neither in a(n) nor in [a(n)+a(n+1)] there is a prime digit. Lexico-first… E = 1, 8, 6, 4, 10, 9, 40,  41, 19, 49, 11, 69, 80, 14, 46, 18, 48, 16, 44, 60, 81, 68, 96, 64, ... Neither in a(n) nor in [

Prime combination lock

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  Today we will play with a multi-digits combination lock. Our aim will be to produce prime integers – and only prime integers. We start, let's say, with a lock whose 10 disks display zero (disk can only display the 10 digits – no letters or symbols). 0000000000 We always read an integer from left to right, without considering the leading zeros. This is how the prime number 30307 is displayed, for instance: 0000030307 Starting with ten zeros, we are forced to use the rightmost disk to produce our first prime (using another disk would display a composite number – ending in zero). Say we start with 2: 000000000 2 (Note that once we have displayed a prime number p , we cannot reproduce it again.) As we want to produce a distinct prime, we have no choice here: we must rotate the rightmost disk again and stop elsewhere. Say we display 7: 000000000 7 Our collection of primes is rich now in two elements: 2 and 7. To produce another element, we have the choice – for the first time. We ca